Shrimp Culture / Production Technique Part : 02

                                                              Part: 02

Pond preparation:

Pond preparation is one of the most important factor for successful aquaculture operation.It is said that , most of the fish disease occur only for not preparing pond in right way.Water quality highly depends on soil quality that's why pond soil should be in good position.

 

Soil sampling:

Step of pond preparation

Soil samples are collected from the pond bottom and the dikes for pH and organic matter contents analysis. Soil pH analysis is generally conducted to find out lime requirement. Soil samples are collected in a S or X -shaped pattern and only the top soil 0-15 cm is taken as sample to determine soil quality.

Leaching:

If the pond soil is found to be acidic, it is normally “leached. This is done by flushing and washing the pond bottom with water to leach away undesirable metallic compounds like aluminum, iron and excess sulfur ions etc.

Drying:

It is done by drain out water completely from pond bottom and exposing to air and remain for sun burn (2-3 weeks) until the pond soil become cracks. It helps-

·         To release toxic gases. Remove Vibrio and Pseudomonas species pathogen bacteria.

·         Remove undesirable species and harmful substances

·         Oxidize mineralized nutrients and increase decomposition rate

·         Remove predators.

·         Excess organic matter tends to lead anaerobic (O₂- deficiency) condition in pond bottom. Drying pond bottom turns it aerobic (O₂- increase) condition.

·         Change sediment from black to brown.

Tilling:

Tilling or ploughing of bottom soil improves soil quality. Tilling the upper 5–10 cm of soil is most important. It has others advantages-

·         speeding up the oxidation process

·         Release of nutrients that are locked in the soil.

·         Eradication of predators in the sub-surface layer

Liming:

Liming is the application of calcium and magnesium compounds to the soil for the purpose of reducing soil acidity. Calcium oxide (CaO), Calcium hydroxide, Ca (OH)₂  and [CaMg (CO₃)₂]  and CaCO₃  are liming substances. But in shrimp farm only light lime (CaCO_{3) should be used.} Liming can be done in three different ways:

·         by broadcasting

·         by mixing with water and spraying

·         by liming the water flowing into the pond.

It used for

·         Grow biological productivity

·         Light penetration

·         Reduce BOD

·         Control predators

·         Increase soil fertility

·         Neutralize the acidity of soil.
Application : 1.5-2 kg lime per decimal/ shotonsho

Fertilization:

Probiotic shrimp farming is best to do shrimp culture. But if it is not probiotic shrimp farming then use following inorganic and organic fertilizer. After 4-5 days of liming it is best for fertilization. 

Application :

UREA----200 gm  per decimal/ shotansho
TSP-------100 gm per decimal/ shotansho
MOP-----50 gm per decimal/ shotansho
Cow dung----5-4 kg per decimal/ shotansho


Shrimp Culture/ Production Technique Part: 03

Shrimp Culture/ Production Technique Part: 04